The years-long logical investigation of happiness looked to be at odds with these two points of view, which Jean Piaget attempted to reconcile. Piaget developed a unique series of tests in the early stages of his clinical career that showed a direct link between children's awareness, anxiety, and happiness. Piaget believed that children needed to learn the things that adults did not want to learn, such as the critical consciousness of suffering, the misery of frustration, and the dread of uncertainty. Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler supported Piaget in this belief. Piaget contrasted "critical